Which type of ventilation best describes the use of doors and windows on the same level as the fire?

The term that best describes the use of doors and windows on the same level as the fire is horizontal ventilation. This method involves opening these openings to allow smoke, heat, and gases produced by the fire to escape horizontally, rather than vertically.

Horizontal ventilation is often employed during firefighting operations to improve conditions for both the firefighters and potential victims within the structure. By creating an effective path for heat and smoke to exit, it helps to clear the environment for tactical operations and can help gain control of the situation.

In contrast, vertical ventilation focuses on openings above the fire, allowing heat and smoke to rise, typically through the roof. Mechanical ventilation involves the use of fans and blowers to control the atmosphere within a fire scenario, while natural ventilation relies on the natural flow of air and environmental conditions. Thus, horizontal ventilation is specifically characterized by its method of utilizing openings on the same level as the fire to manage the airflow effectively.