Which type of ventilation requires the use of equipment or devices?

Mechanical ventilation is the type of ventilation that necessitates the use of equipment or devices to facilitate air movement. This method typically relies on fans or other powered systems to actively circulate air, improve airflow, and maintain a specific environment within a controlled space.

In contrast, natural ventilation relies solely on passive airflow through openings like windows and doors, utilizing wind currents and temperature differentials without any mechanical assistance. Vertical ventilation also refers to the strategic removal of heat and smoke from a structure, usually through the roof, but often involves passive techniques rather than mechanical devices. Gravity ventilation, similar to natural ventilation, also harnesses natural forces to allow air to move, without the aid of mechanical systems.

In situations such as firefighting or building management, mechanical ventilation is crucial for rapidly changing the air within a space, removing dangerous gases, or improving comfort levels for occupants, making its understanding vital for effective operation in scenarios requiring enhanced control over the environment.